Before the 1970s, few opportunities existed for female athletes. The NCAA offered no athletic scholarships for women, and there were no NCAA championships for women’s teams. Then, in 1972, Title IX of the recently passed education amendment was enacted into law. Title IX prevented any federally-funded institution from discriminating against students based on sex in any area, including athletics. Since 1972, the number of female high school athletes has grown by almost 900%, and the number of female college athletes has grown by 500%. This increase in participation has had a wide range of benefits outside of athletics, including a declining rate of female dropouts.
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