Pine Ridge, 1939, U.S. National Archives.
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The Civilian Conservation Corps was a “New Deal” federal work relief program started under President Roosevelt lasting from the Great Depression until World War II. Its goal was to complete projects to preserve the land and teach the people a skill they could use in the future. As part of this program, a separate Indian Division was created along with the Bureau of Indian Affairs. The CCC-ID was responsible for building dams, roads, wells, fences, sheds, etc. as well as fire-fighting and other professions on federally recognized reservations.
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